The impact of 5G wireless technology on Smart Home Automation Systems: A review of recent trend and applications

Authors

  • Michael Okon Bassey Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Nigeria.
  • Francis ‎ Etang Department of Computer Science, San Francisco Bay University, California, USA.
  • Aniekan Essienubong Ikpe Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Nigeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22105/opt.v1i1

Keywords:

Smart devices, Sensors, Actuator, Smart Home Automation, 5G, Microcontroller

Abstract

Smart Home Automation Systems (SHAS) have become increasingly popular in recent years, offering homeowners convenience, security, and energy efficiency. However, the current generation of wireless technology, such as 4G LTE, has speed, latency, and connectivity limitations, which can hinder the performance of smart home devices. With the introduction of 5G technology, there is a potential for significant improvements in the functionality and reliability of SHAS. However, some challenges must be addressed to realize the benefits of 5G in smart homes fully. To investigate the impact of 5G on SHAS, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to gather information on the current state of the art in smart home technology and the potential benefits of 5G. Additionally, interactive sessions were held with industry experts and stakeholders to gather insights on the challenges and opportunities presented by integrating 5G in smart homes. The data collected was analyzed to identify key trends and issues related to the impact of 5G on SHAS. The findings of this study indicate that 5G technology has the potential to revolutionize SHAS by providing faster speeds, lower latency, and improved connectivity. This can enable more seamless integration of smart devices, enhance the user experience, and enable new applications and services in smart homes. However, some challenges must be addressed, such as security concerns, interoperability issues, and the need for infrastructure upgrades to support 5G technology in smart homes. Hence, manufacturers should prioritize the development of 5G-compatible smart devices to ensure seamless integration with 5G networks. Also, service providers should invest in infrastructure upgrades to support 5G technology in smart homes.    

Author Biographies

  • Francis ‎ Etang, Department of Computer Science, San Francisco Bay University, California, USA.

     

     

  • Aniekan Essienubong Ikpe, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic, Nigeria.

     

     

References

‎[1] ‎ Kumar, D., Hareesh, R., & Kameshwaran, M. (2024). Smart home automation system. International ‎research journal on advanced engineering hub (IRJAEH), 2(05), 1122–1128.‎

‎[2] ‎ Korde, S., Waghmare, A., Inamdar, A., & Jadhav, A. (2016). Embedded based smart home automation ‎system. International journal of advanced research in computer and communication engineering, 5(12), 142–143. ‎DOI:10.17148/IJARCCE.2016.51230‎

‎[3] ‎ Jatav, Y., Dhakar, J., Lohar, D., & others. (2022). Smart home automation for physically challenged ‎person. International journal of advanced research in computer science, 13, 78. ‎https://openurl.ebsco.com/EPDB%3Agcd%3A8%3A4343304/detailv2?sid=ebsco%3Aplink%3Ascholar&id=ebsco%3Agcd%3A158577635&crl=c

‎[4] ‎ Iqbal, S., Sharif, Z., Shahid, M. A., & Abbas, Z. (2021). Internet-of-Things based smart home automation ‎system using Android phone. Sir syed university research journal of engineering & technology (SSURJET), ‎‎11(2), 70–76.‎

‎[5] ‎ Adedoyin, M. A., Shoewu, O. O., Adenowo, A. A., Yussuff, A. I. O., & Senapon, M. F. (2020). ‎Development of a smart iot-based home automation system. Engineering and technology research journal, ‎‎5(2), 25–37. DOI:10.47545/etrj.2020.5.2.062‎

‎[6] ‎ Anjum, F., Gani, R., Isty, M. N., Ali, M. S., & Hasan, M. (2024). IoT-based smart home automation ‎system: ensuring safety for the elderly. 2024 2nd international conference on advancement in computation & ‎computer technologies (INCACCT) (pp. 214–219). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/InCACCT61598.2024.10551092‎

‎[7] ‎ Abdulraheem, A. S., Salih, A. A., Abdulla, A. I., Sadeeq, M. A. M., Salim, N. O. M., Abdullah, H., … & ‎Saeed, R. A. (2020). Home automation system based on IoT. Technology reports of kansai university, ‎‎62(05), 2453–2464. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342561938‎

‎[8] ‎ Attaran, M., & Attaran, S. (2020). Digital transformation and economic contributions of 5G networks. ‎International journal of enterprise information systems, 16(4), 58–79. DOI:10.4018/IJEIS.2020100104‎

‎[9] ‎ Sarraf, S. (2019). 5G emerging technology and affected industries: quick survey. American scientific ‎research journal for engineering, technology, and sciences (ASRJETS), 55(1), 75–82.‎

‎[10] ‎ Attaran, M. (2023). The impact of 5G on the evolution of intelligent automation and industry ‎digitization. Journal of ambient intelligence and humanized computing, 14(5), 5977–5993. ‎DOI:10.1007/s12652-020-02521-x

‎[11] ‎ Zontou, E. (2023). Unveiling the evolution of mobile networks: from 1G to 7G. ArXiv preprint ‎arxiv:2310.19195. http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.19195‎

‎[12] ‎ Nguyen, V. M. (2011). Wireless link quality modelling and mobility management for cellular ‎networks. HAL, 2011. http://dml.mathdoc.fr/item/tel-00702798/‎

‎[13] ‎ Chen, C. S., & Thomas, L. (2013). A unified stochastic model of handover measurement in mobile ‎networks. IEEE/ACM transactions on networking, 22(5), 1559–1576.‎

‎[14] ‎ Hargreaves, T., Wilson, C., & Hauxwell-Baldwin, R. (2018). Learning to live in a smart home. Building ‎research and information, 46(1), 127–139. DOI:10.1080/09613218.2017.1286882‎

‎[15] ‎ Wilson, C., Hargreaves, T., & Hauxwell-Baldwin, R. (2015). Smart homes and their users: a systematic ‎analysis and key challenges. Personal and ubiquitous computing, 19(2), 463–476. DOI:10.1007/s00779-014-‎‎0813-0‎

‎[16] ‎ Förster, A., & Block, J. (2022). User adoption of smart home systems [presentation]. Proceedings of the 2022 ‎acm conference on information technology for social good (pp. 360–365). ‎https://doi.org/10.1145/3524458.3547118‎

‎[17] ‎ Morshed, N. M., Muid-Ur-Rahman, G. M., Karim, M. R., & Zaman, H. U. (2016). Microcontroller based ‎home automation system using bluetooth, gsm, wi-fi and dtmf. Proceedings of 2015 3rd international ‎conference on advances in electrical engineering, icaee 2015 (pp. 101–104). IEEE. DOI: ‎‎10.1109/ICAEE.2015.7506806‎

‎[18] ‎ Mandula, K., Parupalli, R., Murty, C. H. A. S., Magesh, E., & Lunagariya, R. (2016). Mobile based home ‎automation using internet of things (IoT). 2015 international conference on control instrumentation ‎communication and computational technologies, ICCICCT 2015 (pp. 340–343). IEEE. DOI: ‎‎10.1109/ICCICCT.2015.7475301‎

‎[19] ‎ Kodali, R. K., & Mahesh, K. S. (2017). Low cost implementation of smart home automation. 2017 ‎international conference on advances in computing, communications and informatics, icacci 2017 (Vol. 2017-‎Janua, pp. 461–466). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/ICACCI.2017.8125883‎

‎[20] ‎ Oluwafemi, I. B., Bello, O. O., & Obasanya, T. (2023). Design and implementation of a smart home ‎automation system. Innovare journal of engineering and technology, 16(4), 3–7. ‎DOI:10.22159/ijet.2022.v10i1.46883‎

‎[21] ‎ Balasingam, S., Zapiee, M. K., & Mohana, D. (2022). Smart home automation system using IoT. ‎International journal of recent technology and applied science (IJORTAS), 4(1), 44–53.‎

‎[22] ‎ Nakrani, V., Panchal, M., Thakkar, D., Pednekar, S., & Mane, Y. (2017). A review: internet of things ‎‎(IoT) based smart home automation. International journal of recent trends in engineering and research, 3(3), ‎‎231–236.‎

‎[23] ‎ Majeed, R., Abdullah, N. A., Ashraf, I., Zikria, Y. Bin, Mushtaq, M. F., & Umer, M. (2020). An ‎intelligent, secure, and smart home automation system. Scientific programming, 2020(1), 4579291. ‎DOI:10.1155/2020/4579291‎

‎[24] ‎ Jacobsson, A., Boldt, M., & Carlsson, B. (2016). A risk analysis of a smart home automation system. ‎Future generation computer systems, 56, 719–733. DOI:10.1016/j.future.2015.09.003‎

‎[25] ‎ Singh, S., Anand, S., & Satyarthi, M. K. (2023). A comprehensive review of smart home automation ‎systems. Advances in computer science and information technology (ACSIT), 10(2), 61–66. ‎http://www.krishisanskriti.org/Publication.html

‎[26] ‎ Al-Kuwari, M., Ramadan, A., Ismael, Y., Al-Sughair, L., Gastli, A., & Benammar, M. (2018). Smart-home ‎automation using iot-based sensing and monitoring platform. 2018 IEEE 12th international conference on ‎compatibility, power electronics and power engineering (CPE-POWERENG 2018) (pp. 1–6). IEEE. DOI: ‎‎10.1109/CPE.2018.8372548‎

‎[27] ‎ Stolojescu-Crisan, C., Crisan, C., & Butunoi, B. P. (2021). An IoT-based smart home automation system. ‎Sensors, 21(11), 3784. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113784‎

‎[28] ‎ Taiwo, O., Gabralla, L. A., & Ezugwu, A. E. (2020). Smart home automation: taxonomy, composition, ‎challenges and future direction. Computational science and its applications-ICCSA 2020: 20th international ‎conference, Cagliari, Italy, July 1-4, 2020, proceedings, part VI 20 (pp. 878–894). Springer International ‎Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58817-5_62‎

‎[29] ‎ Matura, R., & Kunal. (2024). Secure and user-friendly smart home automation: a mobile-centric IoT ‎approach. Journal of trends in computer science and smart technology, 6(2), 180–198. ‎DOI:10.36548/jtcsst.2024.2.007‎

‎[30] ‎ Teymourzadeh, R., Ahmed, S. A., Chan, K. W., & Hoong, M. V. (2013). Smart GSM based home ‎automation system. 2013 IEEE conference on systems, process & control (ICSPC) (pp. 306–309). IEEE. ‎‎10.1109/SPC.2013.6735152‎

‎[31] ‎ Singh, P., Chotalia, K., Pingale, S., & Kadam, S. (2016). A review paper on smart GSM based home ‎automation system. International research journal of engineering and technology (IRJET), 3(04), 1838–1843.‎

‎[32] ‎ Singh, A., Pal, A., & Rai, B. (2015). GSM based home automation, safety and security system using ‎android mobile phone. International journal of engineering research and technology (IJERT), V4(05), 490–‎‎494. DOI:10.17577/ijertv4is050648‎

‎[33] ‎ Piyare, R., & Tazil, M. (2011). Bluetooth based home automation system using cell phone. 2011 IEEE ‎‎15th international symposium on consumer electronics (ISCE) (pp. 192–195). IEEE. DOI: ‎‎10.1109/ISCE.2011.5973811‎

‎[34] ‎ Das, S., Ganguly, S., Ghosh, S., Sarker, R., & Sengupta, D. (2016). A bluetooth based sophisticated home ‎automation system using smartphone. 2016 international conference on intelligent control power and ‎instrumentation (ICICPI) (pp. 236–240). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/ICICPI.2016.7859709‎

‎[35] ‎ Asadullah, M., & Ullah, K. (2017). Smart home automation system using bluetooth technology. 2017 ‎international conference on innovations in electrical engineering and computational technologies (ICIEECT) (pp. ‎‎1–6). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/ICIEECT.2017.7916544‎

‎[36] ‎ Baviskar, J., Mulla, A., Upadhye, M., Desai, J., & Bhovad, A. (2015). Performance analysis of zigbee ‎based real time home automation system. 2015 international conference on communication, information & ‎computing technology (ICCICT) (pp. 1–6). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/ICCICT.2015.7045685‎

‎[37] ‎ Alkar, A. Z., Gecim, H. S., & Guney, M. (2010). Web based zigbee enabled home automation system. ‎‎2010 13th international conference on network-based information systems (pp. 290–296). IEEE. DOI: ‎‎10.1109/NBiS.2010.94‎

‎[38] ‎ ElShafee, A., & Hamed, K. A. (2012). Design and implementation of a WIFI based home automation ‎system. International journal of computer and information engineering, 6(8), 1074–1080.‎

‎[39] ‎ Park, P., Ergen, S. C., Fischione, C., Lu, C., & Johansson, K. H. (2018). Wireless network design for ‎control systems: a survey. IEEE communications surveys and tutorials, 20(2), 978–1013. ‎DOI:10.1109/COMST.2017.2780114‎

‎[40] ‎ Al-Dabbagh, A. W., & Chen, T. (2016). Design considerations for wireless networked control systems. ‎IEEE transactions on industrial electronics, 63(9), 5547–5557.‎

‎[41] ‎ Kundu, D., Khallil, M. E., Das, T. K., Mamun, A. Al, & Musha, A. (2020). Smart home automation ‎system using on IoT. International journal of scientific & engineering research, 11(1), 697–701.‎

‎[42] ‎ Oliveira, L., Rodrigues, J. J. P. C., Kozlov, S. A., Rabêlo, R. A. L., & de Albuquerque, V. H. C. (2019). ‎MAC layer protocols for internet of things: a survey. Future internet, 11(1), 16. DOI:10.3390/fi11010016‎

‎[43] ‎ Badenhop, C. W., Graham, S. R., Ramsey, B. W., Mullins, B. E., & Mailloux, L. O. (2017). The Z-Wave ‎routing protocol and its security implications. Computers and security, 68, 112–129. ‎DOI:10.1016/j.cose.2017.04.004‎

‎[44] ‎ Sapundzhi, F. I. (2022). Home automation based on Z-wave technology. Bulgarian chemical ‎communications, 54(B1), 92–96. DOI:10.34049/bcc.54.B1.0457‎

‎[45] ‎ Čaušević, S., & Medić, A. (2021). 4G to 5G network evolution: advantages and differences. SAR journal - ‎science and research, 4(4), 153–159. DOI:10.18421/sar44-01‎

‎[46] ‎ Alam, M. S., Siddiqui, S. T., Qidwai, K. A., Aftab, A., Kamal, M. S., & Shahi, F. I. (2023). Evolution of ‎wireless communication networks from 5G to 6G: future perspective. Radioelectronics and ‎communications systems, 66(5), 213–222. DOI:10.3103/S0735272723050047‎

‎[47] ‎ Arjmandi, M. K. (2016). 5G overview: key technologies. In Opportunities in 5G networks: a research and ‎development perspective (pp. 19–32). CRC Press. ‎https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.1201/b19698-8/5g-overview-key-technologies-‎meisam-khalil-arjmandi

‎[48] ‎ Shaik, N., & Malik, P. K. (2021). A comprehensive survey 5G wireless communication systems: open ‎issues, research challenges, channel estimation, multi carrier modulation and 5G applications. ‎Multimedia tools and applications, 80(19), 28789–28827. DOI:10.1007/s11042-021-11128-z

‎[49] ‎ Pons, M., Valenzuela, E., Rodríguez, B., Nolazco-Flores, J. A., & Del-Valle-Soto, C. (2023). Utilization ‎of 5G technologies in IoT applications: current limitations by interference and network optimization ‎difficulties—a review. Sensors, 23(8), 3876. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23083876‎

‎[50] ‎ Gures, E., Shayea, I., Alhammadi, A., Ergen, M., & Mohamad, H. (2020). A comprehensive survey on ‎mobility management in 5G heterogeneous networks: architectures, challenges and solutions. IEEE ‎access, 8, 195883–195913. DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3030762‎

‎[51] ‎ Alsharif, M. H., & Nordin, R. (2017). Evolution towards fifth generation (5G) wireless networks: ‎current trends and challenges in the deployment of millimetre wave, massive MIMO, and small cells. ‎Telecommunication systems, 64, 617–637. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-016-0195-x

‎[52] ‎ Tezergil, B., & Onur, E. (2022). Wireless backhaul in 5G and beyond: issues, challenges and ‎opportunities. IEEE communications surveys & tutorials, 24(4), 2579–2632.‎

‎[53] ‎ Pirbhulal, S., Zhang, H., E Alahi, M. E., Ghayvat, H., Mukhopadhyay, S. C., Zhang, Y. T., & Wu, W. ‎‎(2016). A novel secure IoT-based smart home automation system using a wireless sensor network. ‎Sensors, 17(1), 69.‎

‎[54] ‎ Khan, M. A., Ahmad, I., Nordin, A. N., Ahmed, A. E. S., Mewada, H., Daradkeh, Y. I., … & Shafiq, M. ‎‎(2022). Smart android based home automation system using internet of things (IoT). Sustainability ‎‎(Switzerland), 14(17), 10717. DOI:10.3390/su141710717‎

‎[55] ‎ Minango, P., Iano, Y., Chuma, E. L., Vaz, G. C., de Oliveira, G. G., & Minango, J. (2021). Revision of the ‎‎5g concept rollout and its application in smart cities: a study case in south america. Brazilian technology ‎symposium (pp. 229–238). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04435-9_21‎

‎[56] ‎ Lopes, I., Guarda, T., Fernandes, A. J. G., & Ribeiro, M. I. (2023). How 5g will transform smart cities: a ‎literature review. Lecture notes in computer science (including subseries lecture notes in artificial intelligence ‎and lecture notes in bioinformatics) (Vol. 14108 LNCS, pp. 70–81). Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-37117-‎‎2_6‎

‎[57] ‎ Sindhushree, K., & Naik, D. C. (2023). Advancements and challenges in 5g networks. 2023 international ‎conference on smart systems for applications in electrical sciences (ICSSES) (pp. 1–6). IEEE. DOI: ‎‎10.1109/ICSSES58299.2023.10201156‎

‎[58] ‎ Khujamatov, K., Khasanov, D., Reypnazarov, E., & Akhmedov, N. (2021). Existing technologies and ‎solutions in 5G-enabled iot for industrial automation. In Blockchain for 5g-enabled iot: the new wave for ‎industrial automation (pp. 181–221). Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67490-8_8‎

‎[59] ‎ Yar, H., Imran, A. S., Khan, Z. A., Sajjad, M., & Kastrati, Z. (2021). Towards smart home automation ‎using iot-enabled edge-computing paradigm. Sensors, 21(14), 4932. DOI:10.3390/s21144932‎

‎[60] ‎ Al-Dulaimi, A., Wang, X., & Chih-Lin, I. (2018). 5G networks: fundamental requirements, enabling ‎technologies, and operations management. John Wiley & Sons.‎

‎[61] ‎ Yan, W., Wang, Z., Wang, H., Wang, W., Li, J., & Gui, X. (2022). Survey on recent smart gateways for ‎smart home: systems, technologies, and challenges. Transactions on emerging telecommunications ‎technologies, 33(6), e4067. https://doi.org/10.1002/ett.4067‎

‎[62] ‎ Huseien, G. F., & Shah, K. W. (2022). A review on 5G technology for smart energy management and ‎smart buildings in Singapore. Energy and AI, 7, 100116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyai.2021.100116‎

‎[63] ‎ Ahmed, I., Amjad, A., & Mehmood, M. A. (2024). Review paper on IoT based smart applications, home ‎automation. LC international journal of stem (ISSN: 2708-7123), 5(1), 45–58.‎

‎[64] ‎ Korkmaz, E., Aerts, S., Coesoij, R., Bhatt, C. R., Velghe, M., Colussi, L., … & Bolte, J. (2024). A ‎comprehensive review of 5G NR RF-EMF exposure assessment technologies: fundamentals, ‎advancements, challenges, niches, and implications. Environmental research, 260, 119524. ‎DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2024.119524‎

‎[65] ‎ Rowley, J. T. (2024). 6G EMF exposure: radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) research, ‎exposure limits and compliance standards relevant to 6G. In The road towards 6g: opportunities, ‎challenges, and applications: a comprehensive view of the enabling technologies (pp. 197–222). Springer.‎

‎[66] ‎ Weller, S., & McCredden, J. E. (2024). Understanding the public voices and researchers speaking into ‎the 5G narrative. Frontiers in public health, 11, 1339513. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1339513‎

‎[67] ‎ Aru, O. E., Adimora, K. C., & Nwankwo, F. J. (2021). Investigating the impact of 5G radiation on ‎human health using machine learning. Nigerian journal of technology, 40(4), 694–702. ‎DOI:10.4314/njt.v40i4.16‎

‎[68] ‎ Dhanasekar, R., Vijayaraja, L., Mirthulaa, C. S., Raam, P. P. N. S., Naveen, B., & Kumar, C. V. (2023). A ‎review on the analysis of 5g technology and its impact on humans. 2023 international conference on ‎computer communication and informatics (ICCCI) (pp. 1–6). IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/ICCCI56745.2023.10128501‎

‎[69] ‎ Singh, A., Ashraf, I., Jyoti, A., & Tomar, R. S. (2020). Mobile phone radiations as an alarming tool for ‎human health. Indian journal of natural sciences, 7(5), 163–166.‎

‎[70] ‎ Orfanos, V. A., Kaminaris, S. D., Papageorgas, P., Piromalis, D., & Kandris, D. (2023). A comprehensive ‎review of IoT networking technologies for smart home automation applications. Journal of sensor and ‎actuator networks, 12(2), 30. DOI:10.3390/jsan12020030‎

‎[71] ‎ Sufyan, A., Khan, K. B., Khashan, O. A., Mir, T., & Mir, U. (2023). From 5G to beyond 5G: a ‎comprehensive survey of wireless network evolution, challenges, and promising technologies. ‎Electronics (Switzerland), 12(10), 2200. DOI:10.3390/electronics12102200‎

‎[72] ‎ Kapucu, N., & Bilim, M. (2023). Internet of things for smart homes and smart cities. In Smart grid 3.0: ‎computational and communication technologies (pp. 331–356). Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-38506-3_13‎

‎[73] ‎ Imam-Fulani, Y. O., Faruk, N., Sowande, O. A., Abdulkarim, A., Alozie, E., Usman, A. D., … & Taura, L. ‎S. (2023). 5G frequency standardization, technologies, channel models, and network deployment: ‎advances, challenges, and future directions. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(6), 5173. ‎DOI:10.3390/su15065173‎

‎[74] ‎ Chen, W., Lin, X., Lee, J., Toskala, A., Sun, S., Chiasserini, C. F., & Liu, L. (2023). 5G-advanced toward ‎‎6G: past, present, and future. IEEE journal on selected areas in communications, 41(6), 1592–1619.‎

‎[75] ‎ da Costa, D. B., Zhao, Q., Chafii, M., Bader, F., & Debbah, M. (2023). 6G: vision, applications, and ‎challenges. In Fundamentals of 6g communications and networking (pp. 15–69). Springer. ‎https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37920-8_2‎

Published

2024-09-05

How to Cite

The impact of 5G wireless technology on Smart Home Automation Systems: A review of recent trend and applications. (2024). Optimality, 1(1), 147-163. https://doi.org/10.22105/opt.v1i1